Sponge Cola is a Filipino rock band formed in 2002. Between 1998 to 2002, Ysmael "Yael" Yuzon and Reynaldo "Gosh" Dilay, both from Ateneo High School, met through the school’s theater guild, Teatro Baguntao. Yael was then the frontman of a rock band called White Castle. Nevertheless, he decided to form a band with Gosh and two other members of the theater guild. They named the group SpongeMr. Sponge Sporting Tour. The band won in several high school competitions boosting their popularity not just in their school but in other campuses, as well. after R.S. Surtee’s

Some members of the old lineup left and were replaced by Christopher "Chris" Cantada and Erwin "Armo" Armovit. The latter is the guitarist of another band Rampqueen, which was managed also by Sponge’s manager Raymond Fabul. Later however, they learned about a Detroit grunge band already using the name Sponge. "But we wanted to keep the word Sponge in our band name because people have already associated us with that name," according to Yael. "So we decided to add ‘Cola’, since it’s an easy enough word to remember." Sponge Cola was officially formed in summer of 2002.

Malignant, immature white blood cells continuously multiply and are overproduced in the bone marrow. ALL causes damage and death by crowding out normal cells in the bone marrow, and by spreading (metastasizing) to other organs. ALL is most common in childhood and young adulthood with a peak incidence at 4-5 years of age, and another peak in old age. The overall cure rate in children is 85%, and about 50% of adults have long-term disease-free survival.^[1] ‘Acute’ refers to the undifferentiated, immature state of the circulating lymphocytes ("blasts"), and to the rapid progression of disease, which can be fatal in weeks to months if left untreated.

 Symptoms

Initial symptoms are not specific to ALL, but worsen to the point that medical help is sought. The signs and symptoms of ALL are variable but follow from bone marrow replacement and/or organ infiltration.

• Generalised weakness and fatigue
• Anemia
• Frequent or unexplained fever and infections
• Weight loss and/or loss of appetite
• Excessive and unexplained bruising
• Bone pain, joint pains (caused by the spread of "blast" cells to the surface of the bone or into the joint from the marrow cavity)
• Breathlessness
• Enlarged lymph nodes, liver and/or spleen

The signs and symptoms of ALL result from the lack of normal and healthy blood cells because they are crowded out by malignant and immature leukocytes (white blood cells). Therefore, people with ALL experience symptoms from malfunctioning of their erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes, and platelets not functioning properly. Laboratory tests which might show abnormalities include blood count tests, renal function tests, electrolyte tests and liver enzyme tests.

 Diagnosis

Diagnosing ALL begins with a medical history and physical examination, complete blood count, and blood smears. Because the symptoms are so general, many other diseases with similar symptoms must be excluded. Typically, the higher the white blood cell count, the worse the prognosis. ^[2] Blast cells are seen on blood films in 90% of cases. A bone marrow biopsy is conclusive proof of ALL.^[3] A spinal tap will tell if the spinal column and brain has been invaded.

Pathological examination, cytogenetics (particularly the presence of Philadelphia chromosome) and immunophenotyping, establish whether the "blast" cells began from the B lymphocytes or T lymphocytes. DNA testing can establish how aggressive the disease is; different mutations have been associated with shorter or longer survival.

Medical imaging (such as ultrasound or CT scanning) can find invasion of other organs commonly the lung, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, brain kidneys and reproductive organs.

Pathophysiology

The cause of most ALL is not known. In general, cancer is caused by damage to DNA that leads to uncontrolled cellular growth and spread throughout the body, either by increasing chemical signals that cause growth, or interrupting chemical signals that control growth. Damage can be caused through the formation of fusion genes, as well as the dysregulation of a proto-oncogene via juxtaposition of it to the promotor of another gene, e.g. the T-cell receptor gene. This damage may be caused by environmental factors such as chemicals, drugs or radiation.

Some families have a hereditary predisposition to ALL.

ALL is associated with exposure to radiation and chemicals in animals and humans. The association of radiation and leukemia in humans has been clearly established in studies of victims of the Chernobyl nuclear reactor and atom bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In animals, exposure to benzene and other chemicals can cause leukemia. Epidemiological studies have associated leukemia with workplace exposure to chemicals, but these studies are not as conclusive. Patients who are treated for other cancers with radiation and chemotherapy often develop leukemias as a result of that treatment

There are several credit cards that you can choose from depending on your preference. And depending on the banks that offer credit cards. There are those cards that offers great deals! And some offers high limits and low payments. Some cards also gives freebies and stuff.  And its up to you to choose the best deals.

I can’t imagine life without my credit cards, because it helped me a lot! Like for instance, two years ago, I went on vacation in the beautiful island of Boracay!!! As a tourist I can’t help myself but shop and shop! Then suddenly to my surprise I haven’t got cash left! Luckily I brought with me my credit card and Oh thank God! My credit card saved my wonerful Boracay escape from embarrassment!!!

Well that’s it for now hope my article and experience gave you an idea on how important credit card is!  

LINKS:

• credit cards 

Payday loan also know as paycheck advance or cash advance is a short term loan that tends to lend money to its clients in between their salary period, this is to cover up the expenses of a consumer until his next payday and it is usually fourteen days. it is intended mainly to those clients who have a bad credit and/or perhaps people who have been denied a loan from the bank. In some research, payday loans are the only option there is for the consumer to survive the financial problems confronting them.

So what are you waiting for??? Grab on to this wonderful opportunity given to wash away those nasty bills in between your paydays!!!

LINKS:

• Cash Advance no Credit Check 

R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION

Roll of Successful Examinees in the

R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION

Seq. No. N a m e

1 ABAD, DEXTER LARA
2 ABESAMIS, JEFF VINCENT BUENAVENTURA
3 ABIAN, FREDDIE MIGUEL
4 AGAJANIAN, JARRAIR BONTO
5 AGAWIN, JERRY PONCE CALIMPONG
6 AGUILAR, FRANCIS ANGELO PALABRICA
7 AGUSTIN, MARK DAVID ROQUE
8 ALCALA, JASON VISAYA
9 ALCARAZ, CHARLTON ORDOÑEZ
10 ALGARME, REYNALDO JR ALQUEZA
11 ALMIRA, GERRY MAMBARET
12 ALTAR, RENANTE POTOY
13 ALVARADO, VICTOR ALVIN REYES
14 ALVAREZ, REX ANAZARIO
15 ALZATE, FLORENCIO JR DIMACULANGAN
16 AMOYLIN, JOSE LUIS BELOY
17 AMPARO, GLENN DUITES
18 ANACIO, MARTIN JACINTO
19 ANDAL, LEO BABAO
20 ANGCOY, MICHAEL GLENN AMAHIDO
21 ANGELES, RENNEL TELMO
22 ARGANA, DENNIS DIAMANTE
23 ARGETE, EUMIR PAGADO
24 ARQUIO, JEFFREY UBALDE
25 ASI, EMERSON HERNANDEZ
26 AYENG, FC MONDEJAR

27 BAARDE, JUVY RYAN TABAFA
28 BACAN, ALEX AMORA
29 BADAYOS, LEROY SISON
30 BAES, STEWARD BUENAVISTA
31 BAILON, RAFAEL JR FERRERAS
32 BAJARLA, DONDANON JR ALCOS
33 BALBIN, JOEY MOVILLA
34 BALBUENA, CHRISTOPHER MERUEÑA
35 BALDOZA, ERIC CHRISTIAN ORONAN
36 BALLADARES, JOSE REY UMBAC
37 BALLELOS, JAYSON ALVIN ADA
38 BALLESTRA, HYDEE MHARIE BINABISE
39 BANZON, MARIA ANGELICA JIMENEZ
40 BARDIAGO, CATHERINE RIBO
41 BARDINAS, MARILYN PAJA
42 BASCO, CARMI ABITAN
43 BATA, SHEENA CALMA
44 BATOMALAQUE, MARK IAN GAVIOLA
45 BATUCAN, FELIX JR BEJONA
46 BAUTISTA, ANGELO AMOTO
47 BAYABAN, JACOB JAKE MAATA
48 BAYLON, LARRY BABAC
49 BAYON, ROY ANTHONY TUANGGANG
50 BELEN, ZOSIMO JR RIZO
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 4 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

51 BERMOY, ANNALOU POJAS
52 BETIO, MICHAEL DEO HERNANDEZ
53 BINARAO, ROMARICEL GUZMAN
54 BO, JESUS BOLANO
55 BO, LORDJUN BILOLO
56 BORMATE, CHARLIE CALZADO
57 BORRES, RAMIL LAPINIG
58 BUCOL, MARC JASON REBUSA
59 BULALA, RONELL CARL BINGAYEN
60 BUNAO, CLEMEN SUPETRAN
61 BUNCAN, DENNIS MAPUTOL
62 BUNDANG, JOHN LABSAN
63 BUSABOS, RYAN JAY ARAOS

64 CABAGUIO, DANI PIOL
65 CABALONGA, JAYNARD BANGUILAN
66 CABASA, ISIDORO JR ESTIOCO
67 CABATINGAN, RAY ANTHONY ORBE
68 CABIGON, JASPER PINEDA
69 CAFE, RODRIGO JR TONZO
70 CAGADAS, MIA JOY DASIG
71 CALICA, JOHN RALPH BUMAKIL
72 CALIGTAN, DAVID BALISONG
73 CAMHIT, ROLAND BINOMNGA
74 CAMPOS, JED MICHAEL REGALA
75 CAMUS, JEMMY JAYAG
76 CANATA, LUMBERT PARAS
77 CANILLAS, MARK GERARD TALABOR
78 CANILLO, SHERWOOD GENON
79 CANLAS, JIMBOO FLORES
80 CANTOS, GERALD ANTHONY MACATANGAY
81 CAPILLO, JADE JUANILLO
82 CAPUYAN, ALDRIN MANONGAS
83 CARAMOAN, CHRISTIAN CEBALLO
84 CARDENAS, JUDE MELON
85 CARLOS, ROLANDO JR LACAYANGA
86 CARNAJE, PERCIVAL JR PABIONA
87 CARPIO, LITTLE RENNAN PITONG
88 CARTONEROS, HARRY BULING
89 CASTILLO, BENEDICT RIGOR
90 CASTILLO, LORIEL MACALINDOL
91 CATALON, ABELARDO JR PEREZ
92 CATUBIG, JOHN MARK VALDEZ
93 CAUILAN, ALDRENE SORIANO
94 CAÑEDO, REYMUNDO MANCERA
95 CELIS, CYNTHIA ABANTE
96 CHAVEZ, NORWEE TAGANAS
97 CHUA, ENRICO ONG
98 CHUA, JOY ANNE CAGBALEÑO
99 CLAPANO, CARLO CRIS MAG-AWAY
100 COMENDADOR, PROSERFINO PINOTE
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 5 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

101 CONSTANTINO, ALAIN MAR GUZMAN
102 CORDERO, GERARD REY CORDERO
103 CORDERO, LAARNI LAGMAN
104 COSICO, NOEL ANGELO MANAHAN
105 CRAW, DIANNE OCAY
106 CRUZ, JAN MICHAEL GADIA
107 CUTANDA, DONDEE BARBASA

108 DACERA, FRANCIS LUI
109 DAIZ, REYNALDO JR CHUA
110 DALIDA, JUL JEN KIN ATANOZA
111 DALISAY, REHAN TANDOY
112 DAVID, TRISTAN JOHN ESPIRITU
113 DE GUZMAN, ARNALDO TIBAY
114 DE GUZMAN, JAN JOSHEN IMPERIAL
115 DE GUZMAN, PAUL CHARLES CAINOY
116 DE LEON, DON ERIKSON BUENAVENTURA
117 DE LOS SANTOS, JAN MILAN BUENVENIDA
118 DECENA, NEIL CRUZADO
119 DEE, ERICSON AGUILAR
120 DEL ROSARIO, DARBY BATIYEG
121 DEL ROSARIO, MARVIN JUATCHON
122 DELA CRUZ, JONATHAN ANDRES
123 DELA TORRE, P-A-HOMER II TAGAPAN
124 DELENELA, RICA BLANCA MENDOZA
125 DIAZ, VERGIL BELICARIO
126 DIEZ, PAUL-ANDREI VILLARAN
127 DILLO, RENE JOHN PATRICK PONTILAR
128 DIMATATAC, JOHN CHESTER SANVICENTE
129 DIMAUNAHAN, PAUL JOHN VILLAVIRAY
130 DOCTOLERO, JEMART RAFAEL
131 DONALDO, ERWIN MENDOZA
132 DONATO, JO ANGELO BARTOLOME
133 DOTE, RENIER HERNANDEZ
134 DRAGON, REX CALILONG
135 DUARTE, ARTHUR DEAN INOT
136 DUARTE, GIOVANNI DINDING
137 DUCUSIN, BRYAN ALVIN CABILOGAN
138 DUMALAGA, JERSON MARATA
139 DUMO, JEANNIFER GIO
140 DURAN, JAYPEE RANGGAS
141 DURON, DERICK ANGELO TALLADA

142 EDULLANTES, CATHERINE JESURO
143 EMPERADOR, DARWIN TUBERA
144 ENCANTO, GERAL CAPISTRANO
145 ENCLONAR, ERVIN GATDULA
146 ENFERMO, WILLIAM RENOMERON
147 ENRIQUEZ, FROILAN TINGZON
148 ESCANO, ANTONIO JR REODIQUE
149 ESPEJO, DANIEL KARLO VILLA
150 ESPIRITU, GLEND GARCIA
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 6 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

151 ESTILO, SEENA GARITO
152 ESTRELLA, REY CASTILLON

153 FAMPULA, REY DAN SAYCO
154 FAUSTINO, VERNAR VALENCIA
155 FERNANDEZ, MARVIN BRIAN SIBAL
156 FLORES, CLOVER LEGARA
157 FRANCIA, DUSTIN KAY TAN
158 FRANCISCO, ROLLY MERCADO

159 GALLARDO, JUNREY ESIMOS
160 GALLARDO, NEIL RYAN GUEVARRA
161 GAMBOA, NOVY TOLENTINO
162 GARCIA, FIOLLETTE IMELDA LARROZA
163 GARCIA, TYRON JOHN MONGCAL
164 GARCIANO, DOMINGO JR MEPIEZA
165 GAVINO, JERICHO ROSS MAQUINTO
166 GAYOSA, GLENN PAUL MARCELO
167 GERONIMO, MARION PACHECO
168 GERUNDIO, ERIBERTO JR LAUREÑANA
169 GO, FREDERICK MARI
170 GOJOCO, DANILO JR DUPAL
171 GOMEZ, DEXTER CASTRO
172 GONZALES, GILBERT RIVERA
173 GONZALEZ, EDGAR JR ALMOCERA
174 GREGORIO, OMAR QUEVEDO
175 GUANTERO, FRANCISCO BASILIO
176 GUAREN, ROMEO JAIME LALAS
177 GUARIN, MELVINO NEGRE
178 GUIANG, BENJIE GAMALONG
179 GUILLERMO, NELSON ANYAYAHAN
180 GULTIA, JEPRIE LACUSTA

181 HOLASCA, VITO JR YEE
182 HUBILLA, MARK JUMIL GUERRA

183 IBABAO, JOHN REY DE LA CRUZ
184 ILAGAN, CHRISTOPHER DE LOS REYES
185 ILAGAN, JASON FIDEL
186 ILAGAN, MARK JOHN MANALO
187 INOCENTES, NIÑO CHRISTIAN CAYETANO
188 ISANAN, MARY JANE ZULUETA
189 ISIDTO, JON JOVEN ARTAJO
190 ISMURAJI, ISHMAEL KALI

191 JABIAN, MARVEN ENGGALAN
192 JACABA, GIOVANNI ROBILLOS
193 JACINTO, MARCO CHINO GARCIA
194 JIMENEZ, ART CHERWIN HALASAN
195 JIMENEZ, JAYSON DE MESA
196 JOLEJOLE, JOHNDY REBAY
197 JOSE, PAMELA JOYCE NISPEROS
198 JUAREZ, JUNALD RELAMPAGAS
199 JUMALON, EARL MARK PALOMINO

200 KIMNO, JEFF KARPOV BALILI

Seq. No. N a m e

201 LABIANO, JUNEL FANTILANAN
202 LABISCASE, MARK LOUVIN GALENO
203 LACHICA, RENEBOY JUCUTAN
204 LACTUAN, FELMARK JUMAWAN
205 LADAN, MARK ROBERT LANDICHO
206 LAMANO, RUEL CARLOS LEJANO
207 LAMPA, DOMINIC XAVIER RASALAN
208 LANDICHO, JEFFREY PAMINTUAN
209 LAROZA, PAUL GABRIEL AVELLANOSA
210 LARRACAS, JERIC ILAO
211 LASIN, ARBY MOJICA
212 LAURON, JEROME ENSALADA
213 LAZARO, FREDDIE DONIEGO
214 LEBOSADA, JAMES MEDADO
215 LEDESMA, GELL LAOLAO
216 LEONZON, LANCELOT BLANCIA
217 LEUTERIO, DANIEL RAFAEL ENRIQUEZ
218 LEYCO, ALBIEN FEOLINO
219 LIANZA, SHERYLL ANN AGUDERA
220 LIBERATO, EILEEN DELA CRUZ
221 LIBERO, THEODORE LIMSA
222 LICONG, OSARAH BROSOTO
223 LICUANAN, NICOLE TAMAYO
224 LIGSAY, KEVIN GALVEZ
225 LINGAT, CHARIZ BERMUDO
226 LINGAT, KRIS TAMAYO
227 LLUISMA, MARK RHYAN DUMAGAY
228 LO, PEPITO JR SOLITARIO
229 LOMOLJO, JAY-ARD PALANG
230 LOPEZ, SAMUEL FRANCISCO
231 LOQUERO, JONEL TUYOR
232 LORENZO, ARIES LEO DOCTORA
233 LORENZO, JOHN ERICK CASTILLO
234 LORENZO, RICO SICULA
235 LUBIS, ROBISPHER ZARA
236 LUNA, ERIC BORRERO

237 MAANO, SHIRLEY SEVERINO
238 MABAJEN, REYNALDO LASCAÑAS
239 MACALINDONG, REYMAR LIMJOCO
240 MACATANGAY, CAROLYN DE CHAVEZ
241 MACATANGAY, RODEL MANITO
242 MACATUNO, JOHN ARIES SAN JOSE
243 MADAYAG, RONALD ESPIRITU
244 MADRIAGA, TRISTAN JO PASCUA
245 MAGDALUNES, REUEL CATURAN
246 MAGNAYI, MEYNARD BAUTISTA
247 MAGNO, EDUARDO JR UYANGUREN
248 MAKILING, REYMOND TIMOGAN
249 MALALUAN, CHRISTIAN HERNANDEZ
250 MALIHAN, KRISTIAN HOPE CRISOLOGO
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 8 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

251 MANACMUL, BILLY GUEVARRA
252 MANALASTAS, MARK CUNANAN
253 MANALO, JOHN PHILIP MAGBOO
254 MANANSALA, LAWRENCE AQUINO
255 MANLANGIT, JERRE BON ESPINA
256 MANLOLOYO, ARMAN PANUNCIAL
257 MAQUILAN, JOHN PAUL REDERA
258 MARAPAO, CHRISTOPHER JOHN MATA
259 MARASIGAN, JOSEPH HENRIE LONTOC
260 MARAVE, JAN GALIVO
261 MARTIN, MARK PHREDERICK JAMES MARCOS
262 MARZAN, ADONIS PORCIL
263 MATEO, JOE ROAN RAMIREZ
264 MAURERA, ARTHUR JR FAVIS
265 MAYUGA, WALTER VILLAMAYOR
266 MEDRANO, ERVIN PEREZ
267 MEJICA, MICHAEL MEDINA
268 MENDIOLA, FRANCIS ANGELO VALENZUELA
269 MENDOZA, ARIEL CEPILLO
270 MENDOZA, BERNARD JR ROSELLO
271 MENDOZA, LYNDEN LANTING
272 MENDOZA, PERCIVAL BANDIOLA
273 MIRANDA, JOSEPH MONTINOLA
274 MISLANG, JENCIN CALZO
275 MODINA, ERWIN ALDRICH GRIPO
276 MODINA, MARK DELA CUESTA
277 MOLOD, MARIA EDA
278 MONCANO, GERRY SABACAJAN
279 MONTALBO, ELVIN TOBIAS
280 MONTALBO, JAN BIANAN
281 MONTECLARO, JOSEPH IAN NAVARRO
282 MONTILLA, DANILO VALES
283 MORALES, JOHN PAUL SORIANO
284 MORENO, MEL LOUIE MISLANG
285 MOSUELA, PERNELL MARC MONTA
286 MUNAR, ALEXIS ANCHETA
287 MUTIA, LLOYD VINCENT LAGURA

288 NABOR, LEONID BACATAN
289 NACIONAL, KAREN GRACE EMBORGO
290 NAJOS, MARIFE TINGCANG
291 NAVALES, LOUIE CLEMENT MENDOZA
292 NAVARRO, JASON KENNETH GILBAS
293 NAVARRO, JOMAR GINGCO
294 NERVAR, MICHAEL CABANDE
295 NIONES, MELCHOR JR DIZA
296 NIÑO, JAYZON RAE ALIBUYOG
297 NOVICIO, JONRYL PELIGRO
298 NUQUI, JERALD MAALA

299 OBEDOZA, RAMIR ANDRES
300 ONA, JONAS ISRAEL LEYNES
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 9 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

301 ONGSUCO, JOEMARIE ARRIOLA
302 ORACOY, JOVELON AMODIA
303 ORENDAIN, ROMAR PLAZA
304 OROSIO, ROLLYLEX PALACIO

305 PAALAN, LEO II CORTEZ
306 PABAYA, ARMIDA ETRATA
307 PACALANG, ERL ANOCHE
308 PALACAY, JAYSON MARK ALABATA
309 PALADIN, BARDIN VIBAR
310 PALAPO, RAFFY JAY PANES
311 PALINO, EMMERITO SOLIS
312 PALTING, NIÑA ERCHI SALAZAR
313 PAMA, REY JOEL ATAIZA
314 PANAGA, FLAVIANO JR AGGUIAO
315 PANAGSAGAN, RODELO ALQUIZAR
316 PANERIO, JABEREAL SANCHEZ
317 PANILAG, REXNER DE LEON
318 PARAGAS, DENNIS ROSARIO
319 PARAGOSO, RUSSELL IAN CARREON
320 PASCUAL, ALVIN ELIC
321 PATAWARAN, MICHAEL ESTAREJA
322 PATOSA, MAYLIN BILBIG
323 PAVIA, JAYSON BOLALIN
324 PELAGIO, JOHN CARLO WONG
325 PEQUE, JOHN RELL TRAYA
326 PERVEZ, JOSE STEVE MAJADUCON
327 PEÑANO, EARL ONAYAN
328 PIGUERRA, MARCELITO RICOHERMOSO
329 PILAPIL, NIÑO ROY SAPIO
330 PINEDA, JOHN ROBERT BELTRAN
331 PINTON, OLIVER LAGUNA
332 PONTANAL, TJAY EUGENIO
333 POYOS, JIMMY TASIC
334 PRADO, REY PIEDAD
335 PRESBITERO, ROBERTO JR ORNEDO
336 PUNZALAN, REY EMMANUEL DE GUZMAN

337 QUINDOZA, RYAN ERIK FETIZANAN

338 RAMOS, DELFIN JR FLORES
339 RAMOS, MICHAEL CASTAÑEDA
340 RAMOS, MICHAEL PEREZ
341 RECOTER, HARRIES RABAL
342 REFUGIO, RECZON OCZON
343 RELINGADO, JEFFREY ABELLANO
344 RETISO, LOVELL ROGAN
345 REYES, JOHN JOSHUA AFABLE
346 REYES, ROBIMER ARO
347 REYES, ROXANNE LINGBAWAN
348 ROBLES, MICHELLE HERBON
349 ROCABERTE, ROWEL ALLAN AQUINO
350 ROCILLO, MORRIS LORD BOCO
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.E.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 10 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

351 RODRIGUEZ, ROWENA VIRTUS
352 ROMULO, CARL HUMPREY DELA CRUZ
353 RONQUILLO, KRISTINE JOY MERILO
354 RUMBAUA, JEFFRY GRACIANO

355 SABADO, WENDELL CUARTERON
356 SABILLA, MARIO ALBERTO JR PLAMIANO
357 SAGUN, ERNEST JUSTIN ARAGO
358 SALADA, JULIUS HANGAD
359 SALAMAT, ARIES FAROCHILEN
360 SALAZAR, NORMAN MAMASAPANO
361 SALIN, RYAN OLIVER SANCHEZ
362 SALVATUS, DENNIS ABUSTAN
363 SAMONTE, JOEL
364 SAMONTE, MERLIN MARTINEZ
365 SAMONTE, NICKSON ESTRELLA
366 SAMONTE, ROSSBERT SALES
367 SAN BUENAVENTURA, MIGUEL VILLASANTA
368 SAN DIEGO, MERVIN JEFF CAPIRAL
369 SANGALANG, RIEL HERNANDEZ
370 SANTIAGO, JOHN EZEKIEL MAGBOO
371 SANTILLES, DENNIS MAGBALITA
372 SARABIA, KARL CHESTER MALINAO
373 SARMIENTO, ABRAHAM JR MENDIOLA
374 SENARILLOS, ANALYN DONAIRE
375 SICAT, NORIEL SAGMIT
376 SILVA, MAC ARTHUR GABRIEL
377 SOBREPEÑA, MELJESPER JAVIER
378 SOTELO, RYAN QUILARTO
379 SUGA, WILLY CANLAS
380 SUGANOB, EMMANUEL EDIONG
381 SURESCA, RONNEL RAMOS

382 TABIOS, ROSSNIE BASAS
383 TABLANTE, MARK ANTHONY DELA VIRGEN
384 TAGALOG, MARK GERALD FAMORCAN
385 TAJUNIO, JENNEFER ROJO
386 TAMPON, ALEXIS LOPEZ
387 TAN, HEIDI JANE PINEDA
388 TARROSA, TERENCE GIL SIGANAY
389 TAÑAQUIN, TEODORO JR FRIAS
390 TEMPLO, ROMAR ABON
391 TEMPLONUEVO, EDMON TRABALLO
392 TOLEDO, RYAN DELA CRUZ
393 TORMES, JABIN TERCERO
394 TRINIDAD, JONAS DELESMO
395 TUGUINAY, ROY DOPIOA
396 TY, NESTOR III CARTEN

397 UBALDO, ROBERT ESTEBAN
398 UY, EMERSON SANTOS
399 UY, JUNE LOWELL DUKHA

401 VALENCIA, RICKY BATHAN
402 VASQUEZ, DEXTER LISTOR
403 VELASCO, FRITZ GERALD DELA TORRE
404 VERDIDA, JERNEST JOHN CARIN
405 VEÑEGAS, ABBEY JAY VARGAS
406 VILLANUEVA, IRONE VIVAS
407 VILLANUEVA, JAMES ANTONIO
408 VILLANUEVA, MARIA THERESA ZERNA
409 VILLANUEVA, MIKE VINCENT DE LOS SANTOS
410 VILLAPANDO, GERARD JAVIER
411 VILLARTA, MARLON POLAN
412 VILLAVERDE, ALEX DE LEON
413 VILORIA, MARK KENNETH VALLE

414 WAMINAL, ERLINDA ESPINOZA

415 YALONG, ANTHONY PALACAY
416 YALUNG, RUBELLE MARIÑAS
417 YBERA, BRIXMAN PINION
418 YOUNG, LONIDA ANNA SORIANO
419 YURAG, GERALD MESA
NOTHING FOLLOWS———————-

Professional Electrical Engineer Licensure Examination
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICAL ENGINEER LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in May 2008 Page 2 of 17 Released on May 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

1 ABREGANA, PASTOR DAMINAR
2 AGDIGOS, FELINO HERBERT PALPALLATOC

3 BUSTAMANTE, RAY VALIENTE
NOTHING FOLLOWS—

Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.M.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 12 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

1 ABADIES, EFENITO JR LLANO
2 ABRIS, ROWELL CALIMUTAN
3 AGUSTIN, LUCIANO LAZAGA
4 ALFARAS, MIKE MOGATO
5 AMARILLE, JAY SAPID
6 AMIT, JERRY REQUIRO
7 ANDRION, CONRAD HERNANDEZ
8 ANGULUAN, RAYMUND BUTAY
9 ANOSA, JOSEPH REY CECOYO
10 ANTONIO, ARNEL ARDEÑO
11 ANTONIO, MARK JAYSON TOLENTINO
12 APLORO, ENRICO BOY BALTERO
13 ARANCILLO, NICO FRONDOZO
14 ARBAS, DOMINO SABANAL
15 ARCHIVAL, BRYAN ESMOLO
16 ARENAS, CARLITO JR TEPACE
17 AREVALO, DONDON LACATAN
18 ARIMADO, ELTON JOHN LOTIVIO
19 ASUNCION, RAMON GALLARDE
20 AURE, JOSE ASID

21 BAARDE, JUVY RYAN TABAFA
22 BACALING, KIRBY IAN SANTUYO
23 BACUS, NIÑO HAROLD QUILO
24 BADANGO, DARWIN CAPILADOR
25 BALILI, JAN BENEDICT MANGAHAS
26 BALTAZAR, JEROME VICENTINO
27 BANDOJO, RANDY ROÑA
28 BARCO, BILLY BRYAN SAUQUILLO
29 BASA, GLENN BAHIA
30 BASARTE, JONAS DIAZ
31 BASMAYOR, NESTOR BORNILLA
32 BEA, MARVIN BELEN
33 BEJASA, RYAN CAITOM
34 BERNALDEZ, CHRISTIAN DE GUZMAN
35 BERNARDO, RICARDO JR TIMBOL
36 BERSALUNA, NOEL BERNIDO
37 BOLOGA, EDISON LEAÑO
38 BONDOC, RICHARD DIZON
39 BORJA, RENANTE DALAGUIT
40 BOSITO, JESSIE JR SARA
41 BRAVO, TEDY PAGTAN
42 BUCOL, MARC JASON REBUSA
43 BUENDIA, ABEL VACUNAWA
44 BUHAYANG, ROCEL LOPEZ
45 BUNAG, JOHN PAUL DELA TORRE
46 BUNAO, CLEMEN SUPETRAN
47 BURCE, RYAN EDMUND BONEO
48 BUÑAO, JUANILITO NEVARDO GAMALO

51 CAHUYA, EMILE JOSEPH DAGUM
52 CAJEGAS, CHRISTOPHER LOPEZ
53 CALICDAN, RODRIGO CAROLINO
54 CALIGTAN, DAVID BALISONG
55 CALINDAS, FROILAN DEL MUNDO
56 CALIO, GABRIEL LOBRIGAS
57 CALLEJO, GILBERT PAQUINGAN
58 CAMENSE, CHRIS BALUCAN
59 CANLAS, JAYNARD DE GUIA
60 CANO, NELSON VALEÑA
61 CANTON, NESTOR DELA CRUZ
62 CAPARIDA, RANDY ARSUA
63 CAQUILALA, ONOFRE JR TURBANOS
64 CASANADA, GENER BAJA
65 CASELIN, NHUR DIABO
66 CASPILLO, REYFJE LOMADILLA
67 CERDA, RENATO APOSTADERO
68 CERRERO, CERREY JAMIN
69 CIENCIA, JOE DAIMLER BONGALOS
70 CRISTOBAL, PAUL COMADOR
71 CRUZ, JAYPEE CUYUGAN
72 CRUZ, RICKY SANTOS

73 DAGANDAN, GILBERT SATORRE
74 DALIDA, JUL JEN KIN ATANOZA
75 DAMAOLAO, ROLAND UDTUJAN
76 DAZO, MARIO AMANCIO
77 DE ASIS, DARWIN LAMBINO
78 DE BELEN, CHESTER QUINTELA
79 DE GUZMAN, JACKIE JACK PALISOC
80 DE GUZMAN, LEONARDO PEREZ
81 DE LOS SANTOS, JAN MILAN BUENVENIDA
82 DE ROXAS, TEODOLO GARCIA
83 DECENA, NEIL CRUZADO
84 DELA CRUZ, JOFFRE CASTILLO
85 DELAROSA, ESTER BRITANICO
86 DESPI, ROGER CERVANTES
87 DEVECAIS, JOHNSON DE LOS SANTOS
88 DIEZ, CELESTINO OBIEDO
89 DIÑO, JAY UMANDAL
90 DOGELIO, VICENTE JR ARINGA
91 DOGOLDOGOL, SANDY DOLENDO
92 DOGUILES, ORLANDO LIBRE
93 DORIA, JUDY LAURENTE
94 DUMANCAS, RUDY DELFIN
95 DUMANIG, RUBEN

96 ECHAVEZ, HANZIL SAQUILABON
97 ECHIVERRI, NELSON MORALES
98 EIGO, ARIEL DAIZON
99 EMNACE, EDWIN OMAPAS
100 EMPERADOR, DARWIN TUBERA
101 ENCABO, ALDRIN JUNTILLA
102 ENDOZO, JULIAN JR RUIZ
103 ESCALA, JONATHAN QUEZON
104 ESCAÑO, ZALDY AQUINO
105 ESCOTO, IRVIN VILLAFRANCA
106 ESTACIO, MARK ANTHONY TABARINA

107 FAJARDO, JUDGE RUBIO
108 FALAME, RANDY FRAGO
109 FERNANDO, JULIUS TAMAYO
110 FIRMANES, JOMAR GO
111 FLORES, JANSSEN TUMALIP
112 FLORES, JOSE JASON INFANTE
113 FONTANILLA, HELENBERG BARBERO
114 FRANCISCO, KIM OLIVA
115 FRANCISCO, STEPHEN CARLOS
116 FUENTES, GAMALLIEL ZAMORA

117 GABO, MARK MALUBAY
118 GARCIA, JUNE DELA PEÑA
119 GAZO, ARIEL ALBURO
120 GENATO, BILLY LEE GARCIA
121 GENTERONE, ALVIN REMEDIO
122 GIRAY, RIO OSAL
123 GLIOCAM, ROMER JOHN BEREROS
124 GOMEZ, KAREL PASAY

125 HERNANDEZ, JOEL QUERUBIN
126 HIDALGO, ROGELIO CABUAG

127 IGNACIO, ALEXANDER VICTOLERO
128 ILAGAN, REYNALD BUENVIAJE
129 IMPERIAL, RENATO FRANCISCO
130 INGKING, FRANKNEIL TORREON
131 ISANAN, MARY JANE ZULUETA

132 JALLORES, NELSON AGUA
133 JAPOS, FRANKLIN GENE RANARA
134 JAUM, ARMANDO YBAÑEZ
135 JAVIER, BRYAN ULYSSES SUAL
136 JORNAL, ROBERTO DE JESUS

137 KILESTE, RICO JAY SARONG

138 LABIANO, JUNEL FANTILANAN
139 LADAN, MARK ROBERT LANDICHO
140 LAGARTO, DANIEL GONZAGA
141 LARIDE, JERUM ABRASADA
142 LAROZA, MARK ANTHONY JAVIER
143 LASALA, BENJAMIN JR MULET
144 LAZARTE, REY JUN JEREZA
145 LEYCO, ALBIEN FEOLINO
146 LIBERO, THEODORE LIMSA
147 LORENZO, NIXON CAYPUNO
148 LUMAMBA, ROVER LAOTAN
149 LUNA, ERIC BORRERO
150 LUNA, PEDRO JR VIRREY

151 MACASIRAY, MICHAEL GUTIERREZ
152 MACATUGGAL, STANLEYFORD CALIMAG
153 MAGLASANG, RUDY MAHUROG
154 MALABAD, ERICSON ABARCA
155 MANLANGIT, KATRINA ARGANDA
156 MANLISES, JAY SIGUE
157 MANTE, JENNIFER TUNGA
158 MARCAIDA, MARVIN DAÑAS
159 MARCUAP, ARCHANGEL LIMLINGAN
160 MATIAS, MONCHITO BRIONES
161 MECAWAYAN, TARATINGAN RANGKAMANIS
162 MEJORADA, BALDWIN CELOCIA
163 MENDIGUARIN, JOEY JOSE MAGNAYE
164 MENDOZA, MARK MENDIOLA
165 MENDOZA, TEODORICO SEMAÑA
166 MIJARES, ROMEL VASALLO
167 MIRANDA, CYRUS MOLINA
168 MONCOLLO, ALLAN DANIEL LUCERO
169 MONTALBO, WINGEL ABARQUEZ
170 MONTANCES, CYRUS BALDONIDO
171 MORA, JESSONI NAVARRO
172 MORALES, JOHN PAUL SORIANO
173 MORALLOS, GIL DONIZA
174 MUNCADA, ROMMEL LOQUINTE

175 NACOR, RHONNY DE GUZMAN
176 NALUPA, JUN REY VALEROSO
177 NATIVIDAD, RUSSEL VILLAFRIA
178 NUQUI, JERALD MAALA

179 OCLARIT, MARK PAUL ROMOROSA
180 ONATO, JEVON CERILOS
181 OSEA, FELIPE PONTILLAS
182 OSTIA, RICO MEDIANA
183 OYO-A, ELYONWILCH CARPENTERO

184 PACAG, HOWARD OBRERO
185 PACIO, PATRICK SANTOS
186 PAGUNTALAN, MARY GRACE UY
187 PALAD, FRANCINE GIANE GENER
188 PALES, RAUL CORALES
189 PALMARAN, MARK FERDIE NOCHE
190 PALOMA, MOLLY DIAMANCE
191 PANERIO, JABEREAL SANCHEZ
192 PANILAG, JEOFREY ALFANTE
193 PARCIA, NELSON JR GAMBALAN
194 PARICA, HECTOR SALVAN
195 PASADILLA, JAN ALVIN SUÑAZ
196 PASAMONTE, ERIC GINES
197 PECHAY, NESTOR GUTIERREZ
198 PEQUE, JOHN RELL TRAYA
199 PERALTA, RUDERICK AROMIN
200 PEREZ, JEFFREY CIABAL
Roll of Successful Examinees in the
R.M.E. LICENSURE EXAMINATION
Held in MAY 2008 Page: 16 of 17
Released on MAY 8, 2008

Seq. No. N a m e

201 PERMEJO, DANTE ANDAL
202 PILAPIL, GILBERT GUILLEMER
203 PINANGAY, ARTHUR ROLAND CABALITAN
204 PLARIZA, EDUARDO PEREZ
205 POLINAS, MARK DEO PINCA
206 PRADA, WINDSOER MABALE
207 PRESBITERO, RENALD JOVEN ABRIOL
208 PROFUGO, FROILAN QUIÑO

209 QUEJADA, NILO BANTON
210 QUINIO, RIZAL GUERRA
211 QUITALEG, JAIME JR CUSTODIO

212 RAMA, JONATHAN ALTAR
213 RAMIREZ, RUBEN BITARA
214 RAMOS, JENNIFER UDARBE
215 REDOBLADO, WELJOHN CLENISTA
216 REDUCA, FERDINAND VENZON
217 REFUGIO, JASON CASIÑO
218 RELATO, BENJAMIN JR REBUENO
219 RESCO, MARFE DEQUIÑA
220 RETAMAS, ARTCHIE CATALONIA
221 REYMUNDO, LEO CORDERO
222 RICO, WENGIE MALATE
223 ROBLES, MARYET ROTONI
224 RODRIGO, JOHN ILDEN DUCAY
225 RODRIGUEZ, BJORN BANTON
226 ROJO, LESIR CAMINGAWAN
227 ROMERO, LINDO BALTAZAR
228 ROQUE, DAX HERBERT CAMUA
229 ROSALES, FRANCIS BRIZ
230 ROSAUPAN, GERARDO BALLENA

231 SABONG, VIVEN CHRISTIAN BALANON
232 SACAY, OLIVER LOPEZ
233 SAGARAL, JOHN APRIL SALUTA
234 SALVADOR, BERNARD TAPIA
235 SANCHO, FREDERICK MARTINEZ
236 SARMIENTO, MARC LE-VIR VINUYA
237 SARONA, REYNARIO PARAN
238 SATORRE, OLIVER JOSE
239 SEDIGO, JEROME CATAHAY
240 SEGOVIA, JESSIE JR VIBAR
241 SERIT, RICHARD BON
242 SICAT, NORIEL SAGMIT
243 SIMBAJON, LARRY PRUDENCIADO
244 SOLAYAO, ROMALDO ROSIALDA
245 SUGANO, MISAEL TUMANDA
246 SUNGAY, FRANKLIN COLALING
247 SUNICO, CHRISTOPHER NINO BALANG
248 SURESCA, RONNEL RAMOS

251 TAN, MARC LEO ANG
252 TANA, ALLAN RIMON
253 TANATE, AL VILLAVER
254 TARROSA, TERENCE GIL SIGANAY
255 TATTAO, ELMER BATANG
256 TATTAO, JEROME JAY EUPLAS
257 TEJADA, RIO AMBAS
258 TENIO, ANGELO GALGO
259 TIQUIA, REMAOLEN BADEO
260 TOLERO, JEFFREY PALIMA
261 TON, CHRISTOPHER MARIANO
262 TORREJOS, JOSELITO PARAC
263 TORRES, MARIO PIAD
264 TRONGCOSO, JUNE ROSALES
265 TUMLAD, ERIC DAULO

266 ULANDAY, MICHAEL CUSTODIO
267 UMALI, MANOLO ESPELETA
268 UY, SAMUEL MARK DONES

269 VALDEVIA, GILBERT FELICIANO
270 VALENCIA, VIRGILIO MENDOZA
271 VALENTOS, OLIVER TAGARAO
272 VASQUEZ, HELEN PALANCA
273 VEJANO, DONNIE DE LA CRUZ
274 VELEZ, ALVIN ABELLON
275 VERGARA, CARLO JAY TENAJEROS
276 VEÑEGAS, ABBEY JAY VARGAS
277 VILLA, ERYL VIVO
278 VILLANUEVA, RODIL TOMBALE
279 VILLARTA, MARLON POLAN
280 VILLAVICENCIO, WILLY YU

281 YAMARO, ELIASAR ISOGA
282 YAP, WARLITO AFRICA
283 YUMANG, JEMUEL PARNADA
NOTHING FOLLOWS———————-

Manila, Philippines
MAY 8, 2008

RECOMMENDING APPROVAL:

RODOLFO R. PEÑALOSA
Chairman
Board of Electrical Engineering

Skate punk (also known as skatepunk, skate-punk, skate-thrash, surf punk, or skate-core) is a sub-genre of punk rock which was named because of its popularity among skateboarders, and the fact that many members of skate punk bands were themselves skaters. Lyrics themselves will occasionally focus on, or at least reference, skateboarding.

Skate punk typically uses four note basslines, surf-like drums, and fast, Ramones-style guitar. Mostly played on the upbeat instead of the downbeat, skatecore is known for emulating the "feel" of skating —much in the same way surf sought to emulate the feel of surfing. Skate punk utilizes quick uptempo "jumps" of silence at the end of the measure to emphasize the start of the riff. As many band members as well as much of the audience were skaters, a scene developed distinct from the larger punk scene. Bands used a similar aggression as hardcore, but with different musical topics. At the time of the emergence of this genre, skateboarding was still seen as an outcast activity (similar to that of surfing, from which skateboarding has its origins). Many bands used that ‘outcast’ feeling, of being a skater, and thus the stereotypes that came with that, as fuel for their music. Often, bands like JFA would talk about their problems with police, or "preps," and the harsh treatment they received from them, in their songs and albums.

Many bands of the "Nardcore" music scene from Oxnard, California —such as Rich Kids on LSD, Dr. Know, Agression, Habeas Corpus, Scared Straight and Ill Repute— are extensions of this genre. Despite coverage in Thrasher Magazine, this style of punk differs from thrash. The legendary 1970s skateboarder Duane Peters grew into skate punk via skateboarding, forming three skate punk bands: Turn Your Head and Cough, U.S. Bombs and later The Hunns (also known as Duane Peters and the Hunns, die Hunns). Other bands associated with skateboarding are Guttermouth, Bones Brigade, The Faction, Lagwagon, NOFX, Sheglank’d Shoulders, Gang Green, Descendents, The Adolescents, Agent Orange, Skate Death, Black Flag, Uncle Pervey, Against All Authority, SideSixtySeven, Pennywise, Hogan’s Heroes, Clay Wheels, Big Boys, Common Enemy, The Sidewalk Surfers, Bad Religion, Millencolin, Dead Kennedys, The NoNamed, Suicide Machines, Agnostic Front, Kids Like Us.

Suicidal Tendencies is Venice Hardcore along with Excel, No Mercy, Beowülf and others. Los Olvidados, Free Beer, Drunk Injuns, JFA and many others could be classified as "skaterock" because of their appearance on Thrasher’s skate rock tapes in the 80s. Razor Tail of Brooklyn Ny manages to keep the spirit alive preaching the true gospel of the seven ply. Trueley deciples sent to open the eyes of the world to the way of the board.

Skate punk can also describe the fashion created by earlier skateboarders. The clothes worn by "skate punks" includes tight pants skate clothing trucker hat and vox shoes, vans shoes, and creature skateboards. they like to skate in pools A skate punk’s attire will be strewn with holes and rips due to the hazards of skating. A baseball cap with the bill flipped up, as popularized by Mike Muir and Suicidal Tendencies, is a common skatepunk fashion. This culture has died as of late, its members being wrongly mistaken as emo-punk, generic-punk, or relatively mainstream bands.

EMO:

Emo (pronounced /ˈiːmoʊ/) is a style of rock music which describes several independent variations of music with common stylistic roots. As such, use of the term has been the subject of much debate. In the mid-1980s, the term emo described a subgenre of hardcore punk which originated in the Washington, D.C. music scene. In later years, the term emocore, short for "emotional hardcore", was also used to describe the emotional performances of bands in the Washington, D.C. scene and some of the offshoot regional scenes such as Rites of Spring, Embrace, One Last Wish, Beefeater, Gray Matter, Fire Party, and later, Moss Icon. (In more recent years, the term "emotive hardcore" entered the lexicon to describe the period.)

Starting in the mid-1990s, the term emo began to refer to the indie scene that followed the influences of Fugazi, which itself was an offshoot of the first wave of emo. Bands including Sunny Day Real Estate and Texas Is the Reason had a more indie rock style of emo, more melodic and less chaotic. The so-called "indie emo" scene survived until the late 1990s, as many of the bands either disbanded or shifted to mainstream styles. As the remaining indie emo bands entered the mainstream, newer bands began to emulate the mainstream style. As a result, the term "emo" became a vaguely defined identifier rather than a specific genre of music.

History

First wave (1985-1994)

In 1985 in Washington, D.C., Ian MacKaye and Guy Picciotto, veterans of the DC hardcore music scene, decided to shift away from what they saw as the constraints of the basic style of hardcore and the escalating violence within the scene. They took their music in a more personal direction with a far greater sense of experimentation, bringing forth MacKaye’s Embrace and Picciotto’s Rites of Spring. The style of music developed by Embrace and Rites of Spring soon became its own sound. (Hüsker Dü’s 1984 album Zen Arcade is often cited as a major influence for the new sound.) As a result of the renewed spirit of experimentation and musical innovation that developed the new scene, the summer of 1985 soon came to be known in the scene as "Revolution Summer".^[1]

Where the term emo actually originated is uncertain, but members of Rites of Spring mentioned in a 1985 interview in Flipside Magazine that some of their fans had started using the term to describe their music. By the early 90s, it was not uncommon for the early DC scene to be referred to as emo-core, though it’s unclear when the term shifted.

Within a short time, the D.C. emo sound began to influence other bands such as Moss Icon, Nation of Ulysses, Dag Nasty, Soulside, Shudder to Think, Fire Party, Marginal Man, and Gray Matter, many of which were released on MacKaye’s Dischord Records. The original wave of DC emo finally ended in late 1994 with the collapse of Hoover.

As the D.C. scene expanded, other scenes began to develop with a similar sound and DIY ethic. In San Diego in the early 1990s, Gravity Records released a number of records in the hardcore emo style. Bands of the period included Heroin, Indian Summer, Angel Hair, Antioch Arrow, Universal Order of Armageddon, Swing Kids, and Mohinder. Also in California, Ebullition Records released records by bands of the same vein, such as Still Life and Portraits of Past, as well as more traditional hardcore punk bands, all having various social and political themes in common.

At the same time, in the New York/New Jersey area, bands such as Native Nod, Merel, 1.6 Band, Policy of 3, Rye Coalition, Iconoclast and Quicksand^[2] were feeling the same impulse. Many of these bands were involved with the ABC No Rio club scene in New York, itself a response to the violence and stagnation in the scene and with the bands that played at CBGBs, the only other small venue for hardcore in New York at the time. Much of this wave of emo, particularly the San Diego scene, began to shift towards a more chaotic and aggressive form of emo, nicknamed screamo.

By and large, the more hardcore style of emo began to fade as many of the early era groups disbanded. However, aspects of the sound remained in bands such as Four Hundred Years and Yaphet Kotto. Also, a handful of modern bands continue to reflect emo’s hardcore origins, including Circle Takes the Square, Hot Cross, City of Caterpillar, Funeral Diner, and A Day in Black and White.

Following the disbanding of Embrace in 1986, MacKaye established the influential group Fugazi, and was soon joined by Picciotto. While Fugazi itself is not typically categorized as emo, the band’s music is cited as an influence by popular second-wave bands such as Sunny Day Real Estate,^[3] Braid,^[4] and Jimmy Eat World.^[5]

Early influence

In California - particularly in the Bay Area - bands such as Jawbreaker and Samiam began to incorporate influences from the "D.C. sound" into a poppier framework; The former’s music was described by Andy Greenwald as "a sonic shot-gun marriage between the bristly heft of hardcore, the song-writing sensibility of Cali pop-punk, and the tortured artistry of D.C. emo".^[6] Other bands soon reflected the same sense of rough melody, including Still Life and Long Island’s Garden Variety.

Also in the early 90s, bands like Lifetime reacted in their own way to the demise of youth crew styled straight-edge hardcore and desired to seek out a new direction. While their music was often classified as emo, it was also considered to be melodic hardcore. In response to the more metal direction their hardcore peers were taking, Lifetime initially decided to slow down and soften their music, adding more personal lyrics. The band later added a blend of speed, aggression, and melody that defined their sound. Lifetime’s sound, lyrics, and style were a virtual blueprint for later bands, including Saves the Day, Taking Back Sunday, and The Movielife.

Second wave (1994–2000)

As Fugazi and the Dischord Records scene became more and more popular in the indie underground of the early 1990s, new bands began to spring up. Combining Fugazi with the post-punk influences of Mission of Burma and Hüsker Dü, a new genre of emo emerged.

Perhaps the key moment was the release of the album Diary by Sunny Day Real Estate in 1994. Given Sub Pop’s then-recent success with Nirvana and Soundgarden, the label was able to bring much wider attention to the release than the typical indie release, including major advertisements in Rolling Stone. The heavier label support allowed the band to secure performances on TV shows, including The Jon Stewart Show. As a result, the album received widespread national attention.

As more and more people learned about the band, particularly via the fledgling World Wide Web, the band was given the tag emo. Even where Fugazi had not been considered emo, the new generation of fans shifted the tag from the earlier hardcore style to this more indie rock style of emo. It was not uncommon for Sunny Day and its peers to be labeled with the full "emo-core". However, when pressed to explain "emo", many fans split the genre into two brands: the "hardcore emo" practiced in the early days and the newer "indie emo".

In the years that followed, several major regions of "indie emo" emerged. The most significant appeared in the Midwest in the mid-90s. Many of the bands were influenced by the same sources, but with an even more tempered sound. This brand of emo was often referred to as "Midwestern emo" given the geographic location of the bands, with several of the best-known bands hailing from the areas around Chicago, Kansas City, Omaha and Milwaukee. The initial bands in this category included Boy’s Life and Cap’n Jazz. In ensuing years, bands such as The Promise Ring, Braid, Elliott, Cursive, and The Get Up Kids emerged from the same scene and gained national attention.

The area around Phoenix, Arizona became another major scene for emo. Inspired by Fugazi and Sunny Day Real Estate, former punk rockers Jimmy Eat World began stirring emo influences into their music, eventually releasing the album Static Prevails in 1996. The album was arguably the first emo record released by a major label, as the band had signed with Capitol Records in 1995.

Other bands that followed the "indie emo" model included Colorado’s Christie Front Drive, New York’s Texas Is the Reason and Rainer Maria, California’s Knapsack and Sense Field, Baltimore’s Cross My Heart, Austin’s Mineral, and Boston’s Piebald and Jejune.

As "indie emo" became more widespread, a number of acts who otherwise would not have been considered part of the "indie emo" scene began to be referred to as emo because of their similarity to the sound. The hallmark example was Weezer’s 1996 album Pinkerton, which, years later, was considered one of the defining "emo" records of the 90s.^[7]

As the wide range of emo bands began to attract notoriety on a national scale, a number of indie labels attempted to document the scene. Many emo bands of the late 90s signed to indie labels including Jade Tree Records, Saddle Creek Records, and Big Wheel Recreation. In 1997, California’s Crank! Records released a compilation titled (Don’t Forget to) Breathe, which featured tracks by notable indie emo bands such as The Promise Ring, Christie Front Drive, Mineral, Knapsack, and Arizona’s Seven Storey Mountain. In 1998, Deep Elm Records released the first installment in a series of compilations called Emo Diaries, featuring tracks from Jimmy Eat World, Samiam, and Jejune. In 1999, famed 70s compilation label K-tel released an emo compilation titled Nowcore: The Punk Rock Evolution, which included tracks by Texas Is the Reason, Mineral, The Promise Ring, Knapsack, Braid and At the Drive-In among others.

With the late-90s emo scene being more national than regional, major labels began to turn their attention toward signing emo bands with the hopes of capitalizing on the genre’s popularity. Many bands resisted the lure, citing their loyalty to the independent mentality of the scene. Several bands cited what they saw as mistreatment of bands such as Jawbox and Jawbreaker while they were signed to majors as a reason to stay away. The conflict felt within many of the courted emo bands resulted in their break-ups, including Texas Is the Reason and Mineral.

By the end of the decade, the word emo cropped up in mainstream circles. In the summer of 1998, Teen People magazine ran an article declaring "emo" the newest "hip" style of music, with The Promise Ring a band worth watching. The independent nature of the emo scene recoiled at mainstream attention, and many emo bands shifted their sound in an attempt to isolate themselves from the genre. In the years that followed, Sunny Day Real Estate opted to shift to a more prog-rock direction, Jejune aimed for happy pop-rock, and The Get Up Kids and The Promise Ring released lite-rock albums.

While "indie emo" almost completely ceased to exist by the end of the decade, many bands still subscribe to the Fugazi / Hüsker Dü model, including Thursday, The Juliana Theory, and Sparta.

Third wave (2000-present)

At the end of the 1990s, the underground emo scene had almost entirely disappeared. However, the term emo was still being bandied about in mainstream media, almost always attached to the few remaining 90s emo acts, including Jimmy Eat World.

However, towards the end of the 1990s, Jimmy Eat World had begun to shift in a more mainstream direction. Where Jimmy Eat World had played emocore-style music early in their career, by the time of the release of their 2001 album Bleed American, the band had downplayed its emo influences, releasing more pop-oriented singles such as "The Middle" and "Sweetness". As the public had become aware of the word emo and knew that Jimmy Eat World was associated with it, the band continued to be referred to as an "emo" band, despite their objections. Newer bands that sounded like Jimmy Eat World (and, in some cases, like the more melodic emo bands of the late 90s) were soon included in the genre.^[8]

2003 saw the success of Chris Carrabba, the former singer of emo band Further Seems Forever, and his project Dashboard Confessional. Despite musically being more aligned to the singer songwriter school, Carraba found himself part of the emerging "popular" emo scene. Carrabba’s music featured lyrics founded in deep diary-like outpourings of emotion. While certainly emotional, the new "emo" had a far greater appeal amongst adolescents than its earlier incarnations.^[9]

With Dashboard Confessional and Jimmy Eat World’s success, major labels began seeking out similar sounding bands. Just as many bands of the early-to-mid 1990s were unwillingly lumped under the umbrella of "grunge", some record labels wanted to be able to market a new sound under the word emo.

At the same time, use of the term "emo" expanded beyond the musical genre, which added to the confusion surrounding the term. The word "emo" became associated with open displays of strong emotion. Common fashion styles and attitudes that were becoming idiomatic of fans of similar "emo" bands also began to be referred to as "emo." As a result, bands that were loosely associated with "emo" trends or simply demonstrated emotion began to be referred to as emo.^[10]

In an even more expanded way than in the 90s, emo has come to encompass an extremely wide variety of bands, many of whom have very little in common. The term has become so broad that it has become nearly impossible to describe what exactly qualifies as "emo".

The classification of bands as "emo" is often controversial. Fans of several of the listed bands have recoiled at the use of the "emo" tag, and have gone to great lengths to explain why they don’t qualify as "emo." In many cases, the term has simply been attached to them because of musical similarities, a common fashion sense, or because of the band’s popularity within the "emo" scene, not because the band adheres to emo as a music genre.

As a result of the continuing shift of "emo" over the years, a serious schism has emerged between those who relate to particular eras of "emo." Those who were closely attached to the hardcore origins recoil when another type of music is called "emo". Many involved in the independent nature of both 80s and 90s emo are upset at the perceived hijacking of the word emo to sell a new generation of major label music. Regardless, popular culture appears to have embraced the terms of "emo" far beyond its original intentions.

In a strange twist, screamo, a sub-genre of the new emo, has found greater popularity in recent years through bands such as Thrice and Glassjaw.^[11] The term screamo, however, was used to describe an entirely different genre in the early 1990s, and the new screamo bands more resemble the emo of the early 1990s. Complicating matters further is that several small scenes devoted to original screamo still exist in the underground. However, the new use of "screamo" demonstrates how the shift in terms connected to "emo" has made the varying genres difficult to categorize.

The difficulty in defining "emo" as a genre may have started at the very beginning. In a 2003 interview by Mark Prindle,^[12] Guy Picciotto of Fugazi and Rites of Spring was asked how he felt about "being the creator of the emo genre". He responded: "I don’t recognize that attribution. I’ve never recognized ‘emo’ as a genre of music. I always thought it was the most retarded term ever. I know there is this generic commonplace that every band that gets labeled with that term hates it. They feel scandalized by it. But honestly, I just thought that all the bands I played in were punk rock bands. The reason I think it’s so stupid is that - what, like the Bad Brains weren’t emotional? What - they were robots or something? It just doesn’t make any sense to me."

Emo is also often associated with a certain fashion. The term "emo" is sometimes stereotyped with tight jeans on males and females alike, long fringe (bangs) brushed to one side of the face or over one or both eyes, dyed black, straight hair, tight t-shirts (sometimes short sleeved) which often bear the names of rock bands (or other designer shirts), studded belts, belt buckles, canvas sneakers or skate shoes or converse shoes and thick, black horn-rimmed glasses.^[13][14][15] Emo fashion has changed with time. Early trends included straight, unparted hair, tightly fitting sweaters, button-down shirts, and work jackets.^{[citation needed]} This fashion has at times been characterized as a fad.^[16]

In recent years the popular media has associated emo with a stereotype that includes being emotional, sensitive, shy, introverted, or angsty.^[17][18][19] It is also associated with depression, self-injury, and suicide.^[20][21]

Criticism

As certain fashion trends and attitudes began to be associated with "emo", stereotypes emerged that created a specific target for criticism. In the early 2000s, the criticism was relatively light-hearted and self-effacing. In ensuing years, the derision increased dramatically. Male fans of emo found themselves hit with homosexual slurs, largely a reflection of the style of dress popular within the "emo scene" and the purported displays of emotion common in the scene. Complaints pointed to the histrionic manner in which the emotions were expressed.^[22]

In October of 2003, Punk Planet contributor Jessica Hopper leveled the charge that the current era of emo was sexist. Hopper argued that where bands such as Jawbox, Jawbreaker and Sunny Day Real Estate had characterized women in such a way that they were not "exclusively defined by their absence or lensed through romantic-specter",^[23] contemporary bands approached relationship issues by "damning the girl on the other side … its woman-induced misery has gone from being descriptive to being prescriptive." Regarding the position of women listening to emo, Hopper went on to note that the music had become "just another forum where women were locked in a stasis of outside observation, observing ourselves through the eyes of others."

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The main types of lung cancer are small cell lung carcinoma and non-small cell lung carcinoma. This distinction is important because the treatment varies; non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is sometimes treated with surgery, while small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) usually responds better to chemotherapy and radiation.^[5] The most common cause of lung cancer is long term exposure to tobacco smoke.^[6] The occurrence of lung cancer in non-smokers, who account for fewer than 10% of cases, appears to be due to a combination of genetic factors,^[7][8] radon gas,^[9] asbestos,^[10] and air pollution,^[11][12][13] including second-hand smoke.^[14][15]

Lung cancer may be seen on chest x-ray and computed tomography (CT scan). The diagnosis is confirmed with a biopsy. This is usually performed via bronchoscopy or CT-guided biopsy. Treatment and prognosis depend upon the histological type of cancer, the stage (degree of spread), and the patient’s performance status. Possible treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. With treatment, the five-year survival rate is 14%.^[4]

Signs and symptoms

Symptoms that suggest lung cancer include:^[29]

• dyspnea (shortness of breath)
• hemoptysis (coughing up blood)
• chronic coughing or change in regular coughing pattern
• wheezing
• chest pain or pain in the abdomen
• cachexia (weight loss), fatigue and loss of appetite
• dysphonia (hoarse voice)
• clubbing of the fingernails (uncommon)
• dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).

If the cancer grows in the airway, it may obstruct airflow, causing breathing difficulties. This can lead to accumulation of secretions behind the blockage, predisposing the patient to pneumonia. Many lung cancers have a rich blood supply. The surface of the cancer may be fragile, leading to bleeding from the cancer into the airway. This blood may subsequently be coughed up.

Depending on the type of tumor, so-called paraneoplastic phenomena may initially attract attention to the disease.^[30] In lung cancer, these phenomena may include Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (muscle weakness due to auto-antibodies), hypercalcemia or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Tumors in the top (apex) of the lung, known as Pancoast tumors,^[31] may invade the local part of the sympathetic nervous system, leading to changed sweating patterns and eye muscle problems (a combination known as Horner’s syndrome), as well as muscle weakness in the hands due to invasion of the brachial plexus.

Many of the symptoms of lung cancer (bone pain, fever, weight loss) are nonspecific; in the elderly, these may be attributed to comorbid illness.^[5] In many patients, the cancer has already spread beyond the original site by the time they have symptoms and seek medical attention. Common sites of metastasis include the bone, such as the spine (causing back pain and occasionally spinal cord compression), the liver and the brain. About 10% of people with lung cancer do not have symptoms at diagnosis; these cancers are incidentally found on routine chest x-rays.^[4]

Causes

The main causes of lung cancer (and cancer in general) include carcinogens (such as those in tobacco smoke), ionizing radiation, and viral infection. This exposure causes cumulative changes to the DNA in the tissue lining the bronchi of the lungs (the bronchial epithelium). As more tissue becomes damaged, eventually a cancer develops.

 So have you seen the picture of a lung who has a cancer? you still want to smoke? Well if i were you i’d think twice as we know cancer is one of the leading cause of mortality in the whole world and the number one cause is SMOKING!!! and I tell you Lung cancer is one disease that is so hard to treat and in fact the chances that a person could survive lung cancer is less than 20%!!!

 Well I hope all o you have read my informative article and perhaps enlightened your minds of how dangeruos smoking is especially when it is linked to cancer…

 Have a nice day!!!